Introduction to Modern Climate Change

Chapter 09  ·  Resources

Impacts of Climate Change

Sea level, extreme weather, health, extinction, security and economics — what a warming climate actually does, and how hard adaptation will be.

Evolution of our understanding

How we know what we know about impacts Spencer Weart, in a great article in the Sept. 2015 issue of Physics Today.
physicstoday ↗

Impacts on the U.S.

Fifth National Climate Assessment Published 2023. These reports are Congressionally-mandated assessments of the science of climate impacts, written by hundreds of scientific experts. It is our best estimate of what the U.S. faces from our changing climate.
nca2023.globalchange.gov ↗
Fourth National Climate Assessment The previous one, published in 2018.
nca2018.globalchange.gov ↗
Shallow Waters In 2018, the Texas Observer put out a 9-part series about water on the US-Mexico border in a warmer world. It’s well worth a read and it shows how difficult adaptation will be.
texasobserver.org ↗
Why are climate impacts escalating? On Dessler’s substack: the non-linear nature of climate impacts.
theclimatebrink.com ↗

Sea level rise

Why the city of Miami is doomed to drown Read this great Rolling Stone article about the challenges facing Miami when it comes to sea-level rise. Here is the 3-word summary: Miami is toast.
rollingstone.com ↗
The Siege of Miami This New Yorker article concurs with Rolling Stone's assessment of Miami's future.
newyorker.com ↗
This is how South Florida ends And here’s a South Florida is doomed article.
gizmodo.com ↗
Water’s Edge A nice series of Reuters articles about the slow-motion disaster of sea level rise. It documents the schizophrenic relationship that governments have with development along the water. On the one hand, they like the development, on the other hand, these developments have a large chance of being destroyed by a severe storm, with severe costs being imposed on our economy. The third part talks about how hard it is to protect the Houston/Galveston area from severe hurricanes — both scientifically and politically.
reuters.com ↗
Hell and High Water A slick multimedia presentation of the depressing lack of preparation of Texas for the next big hurricane.
texastribune.org ↗
Heaven or High Water Do yourself a favor and read this hilarious article about the Miami real estate market and how they’re ignoring climate change.
popula.com ↗

Ocean acidification

Ocean acidification (COMET module) This is the other impact on the ocean: absorbed carbon dioxide is converted to carbonic acid in the ocean, leading to the ocean becoming more acidic. This fantastic module (registration required) goes over the details of this important process.
ucar.edu ↗

Health effects

The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health Climate change may have a large effect on human health. Read this U.S. Gov’t report on health impacts on the U.S.
health2016.globalchange.gov ↗

Extreme weather

Attribution of Extreme Weather Events This NAS report concludes that scientists have reached the point where we can identify human influence on climate in weather events.
nap.edu ↗
IPCC SREX Describes the impacts that extreme events will have on the things we care about.
ipcc.ch ↗
Mapped: how climate change affects extreme weather The terrific website CarbonBrief has put together a summary of how climate change is changing extreme weather around the world.
carbonbrief.org ↗
Extreme Event Attribution This article goes into detail.
cell.com ↗

Extinction risk

Accelerating extinction risk from climate change The upshot is that 1 in 6 species in the study could face extinction.
sciencemag.org ↗
Summary of the extinction paper tl;dr version.
sciencemag.org ↗

Economic impacts

Risky Business What are the economic risks of climate change to the U.S.? Glad you asked. This 2014 report by three successful businessmen that span the political spectrum argues that climate change is already costing the U.S. a ton of money.
riskybusiness.org ↗

National security

The Age of Consequences Kurt M. Campbell et al., Center for a New American Security / CSIS, 2007.
cnas.org ↗
DoD climate reports The U.S. Dept. of Defense is also extremely concerned about climate change; they have put out reports detailing the challenges.
defense.gov ↗
Climate Explorer To see data on climate vulnerability, check out NOAA's climate explorer.
climate.gov ↗

Other impacts of fossil fuel combustion

The London killer smog, dramatised Fossil fuel combustion has environmental impacts besides climate change. One of the most important is air pollution, which kills millions of people every year, including thousands in the U.S. For a dramatic interpretation of the London killer smog event, there is an episode of The Crown (Netflix) that focuses on the event.
vulture.com ↗
Raising kids in Delhi’s worsening air Sadly, India is now experiencing some of the worst air pollution in the world.
newyorker.com ↗

What was the world like the last time CO2 was 400 ppm?

Not good.
theconversation.com ↗